May Day rallies call for better pay and working conditions

India May Day rally

A large number of workers and activists globally have marked May Day with rallies calling for higher salaries, reduced working hours and better working conditions.

May Day, which falls on May 1, is observed in many countries as a day to celebrate workers' rights with rallies, marches and other events. This year's events had bigger turnouts than in previous years as Covid-19 restrictions were drastically eased and opposition centred on how governments' economic plans will affect workers.

In France, unions planned massive demonstrations to protest at President Emmanuel Macron's recent move to raise the retirement age from 62 to 64. Organisers see the pension reform as a threat to hard-fought workers' rights and France's social safety net.

The pension Bill unleashed France's biggest protests in years, and the May 1 rallies are expected to be among the largest yet.

A leader of the Federation of Korean Trade Unions breaks a banner symbolising the government's labour policy during a May Day rally in Seoul (Ahn Young-joon/AP)

In South Korea, tens of thousand of people attended various rallies in the country's biggest May Day gatherings since the pandemic began in early 2020. The two main rallies in the capital, Seoul, were expected to draw about 30,000 people each, according to organisers.

"The price of everything has increased except for our wages.

Increase our minimum wages!" an activist at a Seoul rally shouted at the podium. "Reduce our working hours!"

A crowd of people packing Seoul's central Gwanghwamun neighbourhood held anti-government placards, sang songs and listened to speeches by union members. They later marched through the streets. Seoul police mobilised thousands of officers to maintain order.

Rally participants in South Korea accused the conservative government of President Yoon Suk Yeol of clamping down on some union members in the name of reforming their alleged irregularities.

Mr Yoon's government has been calling for labour reform, demanding more transparent accounting records of trade unions and an end to alleged illegal practices by some union members and workers in the construction sector such as pressing firms to hire union members or coercing kickback-type payments from them.

Japanese Prime Minister Fumio Kishida gives a speech at a May Day event in Tokyo on Saturday (Kyodo News/AP)

In Japan, thousands of trade union members, opposition politicians and academics gathered at Yoyogi park in Tokyo, demanding wage increases to offset the impact of rising costs as their lives are still recovering from damages of the pandemic.

Union leaders said government measures for salary increases are insufficient and not catching up with rising prices.

They criticised Prime Minister Fumio Kishida's plan to double the defence budget, which requires tax increases in coming years, and said the money should be spent on welfare and social security and improving people's daily lives.

"Let's keep fighting as we workers unite and seek peace and democracy in Japan," said Yoshinori Yabuki, head of Tokyo Regional Council of Trade Unions, one of the organisers of the event.

Others chanted "Gambaro! (Let's do our best)" before they took to the streets for a march.

A rally to mark May Day in Hyderabad, India (AP)

Mr Kishida attended an event in a Tokyo park on Saturday which drew thousands of workers, politicians and representatives from major unions.

"I am taking part today because I want to build on the momentum toward higher wages. The most important goal in my 'new capitalism' policy is higher wages," he told the crowd.

In Indonesia, rally-goers demanded the government repeal a job creation law they argue will benefit business at the expense of workers and the environment.

"Job creation law must be repealed for the sake of the improvement of working conditions," said protester Sri Ajeng at one rally. "It's only oriented to benefit employers, not workers."

Protests in Germany kicked off with a Take Back The Night rally organised by feminist and queer groups on the eve of May Day to protest against violence directed at women and LGBT people.

Police arrest a demonstrator after protests broke out at a women's demonstration of Walpurgis Night, a Christian festival with pagan beliefs, in Berlin (Fabian Sommer/dpa/AP)

Several thousand people took part in the march, which was largely peaceful despite occasional clashes between participants and police. Numerous further rallies by trade unions and left-wing groups were planned in Germany on Monday.

In Taiwan, thousands of workers took to the streets to protest at what they call the inadequacies of the self-ruled island's labour policies, putting pressure on the ruling party ahead of the 2024 presidential election.

Gathering in the capital, Taipei, members of labour groups waved flags representing their organisations.

Some medical workers wearing protective gear held placards with messages calling for subsidies, while other held banners criticising President Tsai Ing-wen's labour polices.

In Lebanon, hundreds of Communist Party and trade syndicate members, as well as a group of migrant domestic workers, marched through the streets of downtown Beirut.

The country is in the middle of a crippling economic crisis and spiralling inflation, with some three quarters of the population now living in poverty.

Taiwanese workers at a May Day rally in Taipei (Chiang Ying-ying/AP)

In North Korea, the country's main Rodong Sinmun newspaper published a lengthy editorial urging workers to lend greater support to leader Kim Jong Un, fulfil their set production quotas and improve public livelihoods.

"We should become genuine socialist workers who uphold the ideas and leadership of the respected general secretary with pure conscience and fidelity," the paper said, calling Mr Kim by his title at the ruling Workers' Party.

Mr Kim has been pushing for greater public support of his family's rule as he calls for a stronger, self-reliant economy to overcome pandemic-related hardships and protracted security tensions with the United States over his nuclear programme.

Outside experts say North Korea has not shown any signs of a humanitarian crisis.

In Pakistan, authorities have banned rallies in some cities due to a tense security situation or political atmosphere.

In Peshawar, labour organisations and trade unions held indoor events to demand better workers' rights, while in Lahore, where political parties are barred from holding rallies ahead of a local poll on May 14, politicians will take part in events and a workers' march will converge on the Punjab Assembly.

In the southern port city of Karachi, the country's ruling party is hosting a seminar and several public rallies are taking place.